Great Train Robbery
The 1903 "Great Train Robbery" was the first Western
movie. It
was a silent movie that lasted only twelve minutes, but it had a lasting impact through its innovative filming techniques and its use of cowboys and gunfighters.
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From Edison films catalog: This sensational and highly tragic subject will certainly make a decided "hit" whenever shown. In every respect we consider it absolutely the superior of any moving picture ever made. It has been posed and acted in faithful duplication of the genuine "Hold Ups" made famous by various outlaw bands in the far West, and only recently the East has been shocked by several crimes of the frontier order, which fact will increase the popular interest in this great Headline Attraction.
Scene 1 -- Interior of Railroad Telegraph Office. Two masked robbers enter and compel the operator to set the "signal block" to stop the approaching train, also making him write a fictitious order to the engineer to take water at this station, instead of at "Red Lodge," their regular watering stop. The train comes to a standstill; conductor comes to the window, and the frightened operator delivers the order while the bandits crouch out of sight, at the same time keeping their revolvers trained on him. No sooner does the conductor leave than they fall upon the operator, bind and gag him, then hastily depart to catch the moving train.
Scene 2 -- At the Railroad Water Tank. The bandit band are seen hiding behind the tank as a train stops to take water (according to false order). Just before she pulls out they stealthily board the train between the express car and the tender.
Scene 3 -- Interior of Express Car. Messenger is busily engaged with his duties. Becoming alarmed at an unusual sound, he goes to the door, and peeping through the keyhole, discovers two men trying to break in. He starts back in a bewildered manner. Quickly recovering, his first thought is of the valuables in the strong box, which he hastily locks, and throws the key through the open side door. Pulling his revolver, he fortifies himself behind a pile of trunks, etc. In the meantime, the two robbers have succeeded in effecting an entrance. They enter cautiously. The messenger opens fire on them. A desperate pistol duel takes place, in which the messenger is killed. One of the robbers stands watch while the other tries to open the treasure box. Finding it locked, he searches the messenger for the key. Not finding it, he blows the safe up with dynamite. After securing the valuables and mail bags, they leave the car. [end of part 1]
Source: Copyright catalog, motion pictures, 1894-1912; Musser, C. Before the nickelodeon, 1991, p. 253-59; Niver, K.R. Early motion pictures, 1985; Edison films catalog, no. 200, January supplement 1904, p. 5-7 [MI]. Copyright: Thomas A. Edison; 1Dec1903; H38748. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/papr:@field(NUMBER+@band(edmp+2443s1))
Questions:
1. Why is Edison certain that the film will be a hit? Who is the intended audience (i.e., where do they live)?
2. By the end of Part 3, all of the robbers are killed. But the last scene (Scene 14 – Realism) portrays “A life size picture of Barnes, leader of the outlaw band, taking aim and firing point blank at each individual in the audience. . . . The resulting excitement is great.” Why might audiences have enjoyed that final scene? What else about the movie do you think audiences enjoyed?
