Sophomore College 2019 and 2022
Stanford's Sophomore College provides rising second-year students with an opportunity for three weeks of intensive, research-based study with senior faculty in a range of subjects and disciplines. The Bill Lane Center regularly sponsors Sophomore College courses on the North American West.

Energy in Hawaii: Forefront of Clean Energy Technology and Policy
We will explore practical, social, technical, and political issues surrounding energy production and use in Hawaii. Hawaii is at the forefront of technical changes in the electric grid and the uses of electricity, with an aspirational goal for 100% carbon-free electricity in 2045.
Hawaii also has passed legislation that aspires to 100% fossil-free transportation by 2040. The explosive growth of behind-the-meter solar generation has led to opportunities for the introduction of distributed energy systems (monitoring and measurement, automated controls, and communication), while also increasing issues with grid stability and social equity. Because of these factors, there is a heightened interest nationally from federal agencies, particularly Energy and Defense. We will consider the availability and viability of solar, wind, and geothermal resources, while also considering the economic impact on Hawaii of large-scale importation of oil for generating electricity and transportation. We will consider emerging questions related to the reliability and the resiliency of the grids on different islands in the State. All of these issues will be considered in the technical, societal, cultural, and political milieu which is the unique nature of Hawaii..
Past Courses:
2018: Fighting Over Our Common Heritage: Public Lands in the West
2017: Water and Power in the Pacific Northwest– The Columbia River
2016: Managing Natural Resources on Native American Lands
2013: The Last Frontier of the American West
2012: People, Land, and Water in the Heart of the West
2011: The Colorado River: Water in the West, as Seen from a Raft in the Grand Canyon
2007: The Federal Government and the West
2006: What's the Matter with California?
2005: Spinning the West